Celesta's Chemistry Website

A Rap on Bonds

1.Now here’s a little story I've got to tell

2.about some bonds that I know so well

3.it started way back in history

4.with ionic, covalent and, what’s that, chemistry!

5.Electrostatic attractions named Ionic Bonds

6.caused by the attraction of a positively charged ions

7.and also ions that are, negatively charged.

8.The metal in an ionic bond loses an electron

9.and also one atom, the

10.non-metal gains an electron

11.Now let’s talk about covalent bonds

12. where the electrons are shared between the atoms.

13.Well enough about that, let’s get to the fact

14.That valence electrons have much to do with that.

15.Found in the outermost shell of an atom

16.exist what we call valence electrons

17.Ionic and covalent bonds differ in the extent

18.of electrons shared by atoms to form the bond that’s it.

19.There’s a difference to note

20.on what you should expect

21.on determining

22.what bond is happening.

23.When one atom draws electrons toward itself

24.better than the other, this is an ionic bond.

25.When the atoms are approximately equal

26.in their ability to draw electrons toward themselves

27.the atoms share the pair of electrons

28.more or less equally, and the bond is covalent.

29.I have much more to say about four more things

30.You think this story's over but it's ready to begin

31.Now one of those things is electronegativity

32.an ability to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

33.Electronegativity increases

34.across a period due to the fact that the number of charges on the nucleus increases.

35.Another thing is,

36.As you go down a group, electronegativity decreases

37.because the bonding pair of electrons is

38.distant from the attraction of the nucleus.

39.So, the next part is ionization energy

40.the energy needed to remove the outermost electron.

41.from a neutral atom in the gas phase.

42.It gets larger as it goes across a row of the periodic table

43.because the force of attraction between the nucleus

44.and an electron becomes larger as the number of protons

45.in the nucleus of the atom becomes larger.

46.It becomes larger as we go down a column

47.the electron being removed spends less of its time

48.near the nucleus of the atom,

49.therefore taking less energy to remove the electron from the atom.

50.Time to move on to the next part of the song.

51.Electron affinity amount of energy released

52.when an electron is added to a neutral atom

53.or molecule in gaseous state

54.to form a negative ion

55.Time to move on cause I'm running out of time

56.Atomic Radius is what’s next in line

57.it’s how we determine the size of an atom.

58.so the electrons are not held as tightly as you move down a group.

59.Therefore it increases and it decreases

60.as you move across the period from left to right

61.cause more protons in the nucleus has a stronger pull

62.That’s all I have to say, that concludes this rap.